A Public Release from CSU-Chico
• A public release from CSU-Chico (September, 2005): National Touring Exhibition at CSU, Chico — “Shojo Manga! Girl ?Power!” — Explores Phenomenom of Japanese Girls’ Comics
Newspapers in the US
• Chico News & Review (11/3/05): Manga powerrr: Shojo Manga Power! exhibit centerpiece of Japanese pop culture events at Chico State
• Chico News & Review (11/3/05): Japanese pop culture
• Chico ER: BUZZ (10/26/05): 'Girl Power' through Japanese comics
• The Orion CSU-Chico (10/19/05): Female-focused Japanese comics animate Chico State
Newspapers in other countries (Japan)
• Yomiuri Shinbun News (8/26/05 in Japanese):米で少女マンガ展を開く 徳雅美さん
Other related website information
• Anime News Network.Com: Shoujo Manga Exhibition at CSU-Chico
Toku's Photos
Director's Information
Directors | Bio |
 （Dr. Masami Toku)
| Masami Toku is an associate professor of art education at California State University, Chico. She is the general director of the project Power of Girls’ Comics. Her research interest is the cross-cultural study of children’s artistic and aesthetic developments in their pictorial world and how visual popular culture influences children’s visual literacy. She is working internationally, especially with Asian scholars in China, Japan, and Taiwan. Her recent collaborative research project is a cross-cultural study of the relationship between art and children’s comprehensive ability in Japan and the United States, supported by the Ministry of Education and Science in Japan. Cultural Diversity in Art and Education<www.csuchico.edu/~mtoku/webae> Visual Cultural Research in Art and Education <www.csuchico.edu/~mtoku/vc> • 略歴： |
Dr. Nancy Pauly | Picture and Bio Coming Soon |
Curators | Pictures and Bios Coming Soon |
Dr. Michael Bitz, Ed.D. | Dr. Michael Bitz, Ed.D., is the Founding Director of The Comic Book Project (www.ComicBookProject.org). An internationally recognized innovator in education, Dr. Bitz has worked to establish creativity at the core of academic learning, and he has done so for some of the most vulnerable children in the United States and elsewhere. As an educational researcher and faculty member at Teachers College, Columbia University, Dr. Bitz was an investigator on the landmark study "Learning in and through the Arts," a longitudinal study published by the Arts-Education Partnership in 1999. |
Presenters' Information From Chico Site
Presenters' Information From Chico Site
Presenters at Opening Night
11/10 -11/11/2005
Trina Robin
Trina Robins is a critic, researcher, and author. She has been writing books, comics, and books about comics for over 30 years. She produced the very first all-woman comic book anthology in 1970, has written comics as diverse as Barbie and Wonder Woman, and has adapted classic novels into graphic novels for Scholastic Books. Robins has lectured on the subject of comics all over Europe, where she curated the largest exhibit of women cartoonists ever shown, and across the United States, from the Library of Congress to the New York City Museum of Sex. Currently she writes the English language versions of four shojo manga series for Viz, and writes her ongoing graphic novel series GoGirl!
Fred Schodt
Frederik L. Schodt is a writer, translator, and conference interpreter based in the San Francisco Bay area. He has written extensively on Japanese pop culture, technology, and the historical interface between Japan and North America. He has also translated many manga into English, and was one of the first to do so, starting around 1977. His best known books on manga include Manga! Manga! The World of Japanese Comics (Kodansha International, 1983), Dreamland Japan: Writings on Modern Manga (Stone Bridge Press, 1996). His latest book, Native American in the Land of the Shogun: Ranald MacDonald and the Opening of Japan (Stone Bridge Press, 2003), has nothing to do with manga at all. Jai2.com
Brent Wilson
Brent Wilson is a Penn State emeritus professor of art education. For 33 years he has studied children's graphic narratives in diverse cultures and has published the results of his inquiry in scores of papers, and in two of his books?Teaching Children to Draw: A guide for teachers and parents (1982) and The Quiet Evolution: Changing the face of arts education (1997). In the early 1980s he began to study Japanese children's narrative drawings and became fascinated by the powerful influence that manga had on children's? characters, plots, and drawing skills. In 2000, Wilson and Masami Toku began to collaborate on studies of Japanese comic markets, dojinshi (manga created and published by amateurs), manga artists, editors, publishers, and directors of manga schools.
Tomoko Yamada
Tomoko Yamada is a researcher and writer of shojo manga (girls' comics). She has published an enormous number of articles related to the issues of shojo manga and women's studies in visual pop culture. Yamada has also been working as a curator at Kawasaki City Museum (http://home.catv.ne.jp/hh/kcm/) in Japan for the last 10 years, where she has organized many manga related exhibitions. Kawasaki City Museum is well known as the first public museum with a collection of Japanese manga and animation. The museum developed the first major manga exhibition in Japan 25 years ago in 1980, and it has continued to enlighten public audiences with the power of visual popular culture which surrounds us in every day life.
Presenters at Collquium
11/11 - 11/12/2005
Aaron Kerner
Aaron Kerner is an assistant professor of cinema studies at San Francisco State University. He teaches a variety of courses, from Avant-Garde Cinema to Japanese National Cinema. He has a background in art history and has taught courses such as The Ugly and Contemporary Japanese Visual Culture. He has also a curated Collapsing Histories: time, space and memory at two venues in Tokyo in the summer of 2004, including the Daigo Fukuryu-maru (it will be exhibited at the University of Hawaii in fall 2006). The exhibition is composed of 15 international artists, including two of Japan's most important contemporary artists: Kenji Yanobe and Katsushige Nakahashi. See the Web site for further details.
Jillian Sandell
Jillian Sandell is Assistant Professor in the Department of Women Studies at San Francisco State University, where she teaches classes on gender and citizenship, U.S. popular cultures, and feminist research methodologies. Her current research project focuses on the production, reception, and circulation of U.S. popular cultures in a transnational frame, with particular emphasis on the gendered dimensions of translation and transnation. http://online.sfsu.edu/~sandell/
Sara E. Cooper
Sara E. Cooper is an assistant professor of women's studies and Spanish at California State University, Chico. She teaches courses on contemporary Latina/o and Chicana/o cultural production, modern Spanish American literature, and gender studies /queer studies. She has a special interest in women's experiences in Cuba. Her publications include one book, The Ties That Bind: Questioning Family Dynamics and Family Discourse in Hispanic Literature and Film (University Press of America, 2004). http://www.csuchico.edu/~scooper/
Sarah M. Pike
Sarah M. Pike is Associate Professor of Religious Studies at California State University, Chico where she teaches courses on American religions.She is the author of Earthly Bodies, Magical Selves:Contemporary Pagans and the Search for Community (2001) and New Age and Neopagan Religions in America (Columbia University Press, 2004).Her current research is on art and mourning rites at the Burning Man festival and teenagers in alternative religions.
Presenters at Closing Symposium
12/8 - 12/9/2005
Marc Hairston
Marc Hairston is a professional physicist at the Center for Space Sciences at the University of Texas at Dallas and a frustrated artist who turned his life-long love of animation into a second academic career as an anime scholar. He has written numerous features for the magazine Animerica and has been a featured speaker at the annual "Schoolgirls and Mobilesuits" workshops held at the Minneapolis College of Arts and Design. He is on the editorial board of the new academic journal Mechademia and is currently editing a collection of essays with Dr. Pamela Gossin titled Masters of Anime.
Yukari Fujimoto
Yukari Fujimoto has been an editor at Chikuma Shobo publishers since graduating from the Department of Education at Tokyo University. She has organized many successfulpublications related to comics, gender, and sexuality written by female writers in Japan including Azusa Nakajima and Chizuko Ueno. She is also a lecturer at Meijigakuin University and Hosei University and has published articles and books, including a critical examination of gender issues in shojo manga, Watashi no Ibasyo wa Doko ni Aruno (Where Is My Place?), Kairaku Denryu (Pleasure Electricity), Shojomanga Damasii (Soul of Shojo Manga), and Aijyohyoron (Criticism of Love).
Keiko Takemiya
Picture and Bio Coming Soon
Presenters at Opening Night
11/10 -11/11/2005
Trina Robin
Trina Robins is a critic, researcher, and author. She has been writing books, comics, and books about comics for over 30 years. She produced the very first all-woman comic book anthology in 1970, has written comics as diverse as Barbie and Wonder Woman, and has adapted classic novels into graphic novels for Scholastic Books. Robins has lectured on the subject of comics all over Europe, where she curated the largest exhibit of women cartoonists ever shown, and across the United States, from the Library of Congress to the New York City Museum of Sex. Currently she writes the English language versions of four shojo manga series for Viz, and writes her ongoing graphic novel series GoGirl! Fred Schodt
Frederik L. Schodt is a writer, translator, and conference interpreter based in the San Francisco Bay area. He has written extensively on Japanese pop culture, technology, and the historical interface between Japan and North America. He has also translated many manga into English, and was one of the first to do so, starting around 1977. His best known books on manga include Manga! Manga! The World of Japanese Comics (Kodansha International, 1983), Dreamland Japan: Writings on Modern Manga (Stone Bridge Press, 1996). His latest book, Native American in the Land of the Shogun: Ranald MacDonald and the Opening of Japan (Stone Bridge Press, 2003), has nothing to do with manga at all. Jai2.comBrent Wilson
Brent Wilson is a Penn State emeritus professor of art education. For 33 years he has studied children's graphic narratives in diverse cultures and has published the results of his inquiry in scores of papers, and in two of his books?Teaching Children to Draw: A guide for teachers and parents (1982) and The Quiet Evolution: Changing the face of arts education (1997). In the early 1980s he began to study Japanese children's narrative drawings and became fascinated by the powerful influence that manga had on children's? characters, plots, and drawing skills. In 2000, Wilson and Masami Toku began to collaborate on studies of Japanese comic markets, dojinshi (manga created and published by amateurs), manga artists, editors, publishers, and directors of manga schools.Tomoko Yamada
Tomoko Yamada is a researcher and writer of shojo manga (girls' comics). She has published an enormous number of articles related to the issues of shojo manga and women's studies in visual pop culture. Yamada has also been working as a curator at Kawasaki City Museum (http://home.catv.ne.jp/hh/kcm/) in Japan for the last 10 years, where she has organized many manga related exhibitions. Kawasaki City Museum is well known as the first public museum with a collection of Japanese manga and animation. The museum developed the first major manga exhibition in Japan 25 years ago in 1980, and it has continued to enlighten public audiences with the power of visual popular culture which surrounds us in every day life.Presenters at Collquium
11/11 - 11/12/2005
Aaron Kerner
Aaron Kerner is an assistant professor of cinema studies at San Francisco State University. He teaches a variety of courses, from Avant-Garde Cinema to Japanese National Cinema. He has a background in art history and has taught courses such as The Ugly and Contemporary Japanese Visual Culture. He has also a curated Collapsing Histories: time, space and memory at two venues in Tokyo in the summer of 2004, including the Daigo Fukuryu-maru (it will be exhibited at the University of Hawaii in fall 2006). The exhibition is composed of 15 international artists, including two of Japan's most important contemporary artists: Kenji Yanobe and Katsushige Nakahashi. See the Web site for further details.Jillian Sandell
Jillian Sandell is Assistant Professor in the Department of Women Studies at San Francisco State University, where she teaches classes on gender and citizenship, U.S. popular cultures, and feminist research methodologies. Her current research project focuses on the production, reception, and circulation of U.S. popular cultures in a transnational frame, with particular emphasis on the gendered dimensions of translation and transnation. http://online.sfsu.edu/~sandell/Sara E. Cooper
Sara E. Cooper is an assistant professor of women's studies and Spanish at California State University, Chico. She teaches courses on contemporary Latina/o and Chicana/o cultural production, modern Spanish American literature, and gender studies /queer studies. She has a special interest in women's experiences in Cuba. Her publications include one book, The Ties That Bind: Questioning Family Dynamics and Family Discourse in Hispanic Literature and Film (University Press of America, 2004). http://www.csuchico.edu/~scooper/Sarah M. Pike
Sarah M. Pike is Associate Professor of Religious Studies at California State University, Chico where she teaches courses on American religions.She is the author of Earthly Bodies, Magical Selves:Contemporary Pagans and the Search for Community (2001) and New Age and Neopagan Religions in America (Columbia University Press, 2004).Her current research is on art and mourning rites at the Burning Man festival and teenagers in alternative religions.Presenters at Closing Symposium
12/8 - 12/9/2005
Marc Hairston
Marc Hairston is a professional physicist at the Center for Space Sciences at the University of Texas at Dallas and a frustrated artist who turned his life-long love of animation into a second academic career as an anime scholar. He has written numerous features for the magazine Animerica and has been a featured speaker at the annual "Schoolgirls and Mobilesuits" workshops held at the Minneapolis College of Arts and Design. He is on the editorial board of the new academic journal Mechademia and is currently editing a collection of essays with Dr. Pamela Gossin titled Masters of Anime.Yukari Fujimoto
Yukari Fujimoto has been an editor at Chikuma Shobo publishers since graduating from the Department of Education at Tokyo University. She has organized many successfulpublications related to comics, gender, and sexuality written by female writers in Japan including Azusa Nakajima and Chizuko Ueno. She is also a lecturer at Meijigakuin University and Hosei University and has published articles and books, including a critical examination of gender issues in shojo manga, Watashi no Ibasyo wa Doko ni Aruno (Where Is My Place?), Kairaku Denryu (Pleasure Electricity), Shojomanga Damasii (Soul of Shojo Manga), and Aijyohyoron (Criticism of Love).
Keiko Takemiya
Picture and Bio Coming Soon
US Touring Exhibition Sites of “Shojo Manga” Fall 2005 - Summer 2006
Gallery | Exhibition Information |
| Shojo Manja Power! Girl Comics from Japan The popularity of Japanese comics, or manga, has spread across the world -- through comic books, animation, and merchandise. Shojo Manga Power! explores the genre of shojo manga, or girls’ comics, and how female cartoon artists of the genre have contributed their unique style of visual expression to the world of Japanese comics. Reception: Oct. 27, (closed Nov. 19 - 27 for Thanksgiving vacation) Public Release: Click Here |
| Shojo Manja Power! Girl Comics from Japan Chico News & Review 11/5/05 (1): Click Here |
| "Tradition/Innovation: Ukiyo-e, Shin Hanga and Sosaku Hanga Japanese Prints" A year-long research project lead by Dr. Yoshio Kusaba identified and researched a part of the JTPM’s Japanese print holdings. This exhibition is in conjunction with the University and College of HFA’s sponsorship of Japanese Manga: The Power of Girls’ Comics Yomiuri Shinbun News (8/26/05 in Japanese):米で少女マンガ展を開く 徳雅美さん |
| UNM “Shojo Manga! Girl Power!” Other Information 1: Click Here! |
| Shojo Manga: Girl Power! Press Release: Click Here! |
| Girl Power!Girls' Comics from Japan
|
Project Schedule
Project Schedule (Tentative)
Timeline | Proposed Activity |
January, 2005 | • Travel to Japan to conduct interviews and discussion with mangaka (cartoon artists) for the exhibition and related publications including the exhibition catalogue. |
March, 2005 | • Paper to be presented at annual NAEA (National Art Education Association) conference in Boston, MT (3/4 - 3/8/05) • Complete the draft of exhibition catalogue based on interviews and research in Japan |
May, 2005 | • Edit the content and visual images of exhibition catalogue and send it to of publisher, the board of the Pennsylvania State Univ. |
Summer, 2005 | • Travel to Japan and select final manga artworks from mangaka for the exhibition to ship to Chico |
October 27, 2005 | • The exhibitions start at California State University, Chico (A Japanese print show to be held at the Janet Turner Print Museum in conjunction with the above exhibition.) • A related symposium of Visual Pop Culture, The Power of Girl’s Comics: The Value and Contribution to Visual Culture and Society held in Chico. |
Thursday, 11/10/05 | • Machiko Satonaka, Shojo mangaka and Professor, Osaka Art University |
Thursday, 12/1/05 | Workshop I at Humanities Center • Trina Robbins, researcher and writer of the US girl's comics |
Tuesday, | Workshop II at Ayres Hall 106 (Little theater) |
Thursday, | Closing Workshop III, at Humanities Center |
January,’06 | • The exhibitions start at Pennsylvania State University, Chico |
March, ’06 | • The exhibitions start at the School of the Institute of Chicago in conjunction with NAEA (National Art Education Association) conference, Chicago |
Summer, 2006 | • All artworks returned to Japan. Another touring exhibition possibly held in Japan and other Asian countries. |
List of Girl's Mangaka and Examples of Visual Images
Twenty Major Mangaka Who Contributed to the World of Shojo Manga
(World War II to Present)
- Girl's Manga means manga that is depicted for girls and/or female readers.
- A Girl's Mangaka is a comic artist who creates manga for girls and women.
- Girl's mangaka are not always female. Some male mangaka also create girl's manga. In most cases these male mangaka started as girl's managaka early in their careers in the early 1950s and then switched to boy's manga.
- The following four male mangaka (Tezuka, Chiba, Ishinomori, and Matsumoto)are well known as great mangaka for boy's and male manga with their big successes with hit manga and animation, but Chiba and Matsumoto started their careers as girl's mangaka. Tezuka and Ishinomori also created great girl's manga.
- The following twenty major girl's mangaka (comic artists) from Japan are involved in this touring exhibition, and the following are examples from the show.
- The following visuals are all from the front page of the manga and/or cover page from the book form.
- The actual exhibition will be organized with front cover visuals (color) and content pages in sequential frames (black/white) to introduce the innovations in visual composition that were invented in girl's manga to depict psychological expression.
Osamu Tezuka (11/1928 – 3/1989), Osaka, Japan
He is well known as the God of contemporary Japanese manga and his influences on the manga world in Japan is immeasurable.
Ribbon no Kishi (1953)
Shotaro Ishinomori (1/25/1938 – 1/28/1998) Miyagi
He is a successful magnaka for boy's and girl's manga. Especially, he contributed to the development of a new composition in manga
Ryujinnuma (1961)
Tetsuya Chiba (1/11/1939), Tokyo
He is well knows as one of the most successful diverse boy's mangaka, but he started as a girl's mangaka.
Shimmkakko (1964)
Akira (Reiji) Matumoto (1938)
He is a great contributor to the development of Japanese manga animation which gave children hope and dreams.
Gin no Kinoko (1961)
Girl's Manga by Female Mangaka
- Girl's manga were first depicted by female mangaka in the 1950s. Watanabe, Maki, and Mizuno are the most successful girl's mangaka who visualized girls' dreams and desires in their graphic novels.
- Many female managaka followed after their successes as girl's mangaka and with the arrival of 24-gumi (female mangaka who were born around 1949 and contributed the development of the style of girl's manga), the world of girl's mangaka flourished with diverse subgenres of SciFi, Love, History, Adventure, and so on with visual inventions as graphic novels in 1970s.
- These female mangaka continue to depict and develop manga in response to readers'expectations and their own aesthetics as graphic/visual novelists.
- The movement still continues as the influences are spread all over the world as translated comics, animation, and other merchandise at the beginning of the 21st century.
Masako Watanabe (1929), Tokyo
She is one of the first female mangaka who contributed to the development of shojo manga after W.W. II. She is still highly active, depicting diverse themes through her manga. Click here for more info.
Garasu no Shiso(1969 - 71)
Miyako Maki (7/29/1935), Kobe
Her visual style highly infuenced to the girl's manga. The most popular doll in Japan, Rika, is created as an ideal image of girl based on her characters.
Maki no Kuchibue
(1960-63)
Hideko Mizuno (3/29/1939), Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi
She is the first female mangaka who successfully depicted majestic dramas based on historical and mythological stories.
Honey Honey no Stekina Bouken
(1966 - 67)
Machiko Satonaka (1/24/1948), Osaka
The diverse topics based on women's drama that she creates continue to impress female readers. She also contributed to the development of Lady's Comics for mature female readers.
Akiko (1986)
Riyoko Ikeda (12/18/1947), Osaka
Her magnificent love story based on the French Revolution became a big phenomenon in Japanese society in the 70s. This became a big hit play by Takaraduka (an all female performance group).
Versailles no Bara
(1972 - 73)
Suzue Miuchi (2/20/51), Oosaka
She is well known as a mangaka of long spectacle dramas. Garasu no Kamen (Mask of Glass), an ongoing serial manga started in 1976 about a girl who grows as an actress, is a good and great example of her work.
Illustration for the cover for a book of Asuka (1986)
Yukari Ichijyo (9/19/49), Okayama
When she made her debut on the girl's manga world, readers were impressed by the sophisticated visual techniques and images. Since then, she has maintained the high quality in her manga.
Suna no Shiro (1977 - 81)
Keiko Takemiya (2/13/1950), Tokushima
The theme of boy's love in her manga opened up a new field in girl's manga and it sparked off the YAOI (boy's love) boom in the comic market in Japan in the 80s.
Kaze to Ki no Uta (1976-84)
Moto Hagio (5/12/1949), Fukuoka
Her philosophical manga cover many themes and genres.Her created manga world continues to attract big fans regardless of genders.
Hyakuoku no Hiru to Senoku no Yoru (1977 - 78)
Ryoko Yamagishi (9/24/1947), Hokkaid0
One of the most successful stories among her many works is a historical drama based on one of the most famous historical Japanese, Shotokutaishi, who introduced Buddhism officially in Japan in the 7th century.
Hiizuru tokoro no Tenshi (1980 - 84)
Shio Sato (12/6/1950), Miyagi
Compared to other female mangaka, she does not produce many stories regularly, but she has many big fans due to her sophisticated use of the Japanese language in her mysterious manga world.
One Zero (1984 - 86)
Akimi Yoshida (8/12/56), Tokyo
She is probably the most famous female mangaka in the US with her NY gang story "Banana Fish" (translated into English), which contains elements of boy's love.
Banana Fish (1985 - 94)
A-ko Mutsu (2/15/54), Kitakyushu City
She was the originator and leading proponent of the "otometic" type of love story in girls' manga, a type of innocent, understated girls' love stor. She became the number one shojo mangaka in Ribbon in the 1970s.
Mariko Iwadate (2/8/57), Hokkaido
Her work has been called "Iwadate's World" due to the fantasy element of her gentle and soft pastel pictorial world and also with her cold observations of the realities of youth.
Through her bittersweet coming of age manga, young readers can grow with the heroes and heroines in her stories. Adult readers experience the nostalgia of reliving their formative years.
Itumo Pocket ni Syoppan (1980)
Reiko Okano (6/24/1960), Ibaragi
She is one of the most successful female mangaka with her new interpretation s of Japanese history. She also challenges a new way of creating contemporary manga with traditional Japanese ink brushes.
Youmihenjyoyawa (1995 - present)
CLAMP is a collaborative group of four women mangaka: Satsuki Igarashi, Ageha Okawa, Tsubaki Nekoi, and Mokona.
Ichiko Ima
She is fond of the traditional Yokai in Japanese folk tales and often refers to these as well. In the story Hyakki Yakosho (100 Demons), the protagonist Ritsu, who can communicate with Yokai, gets involved in tough problems that Yokai ask him to solve.
Fumi Yoshinaga (1971) Tokyo
One of the most successful boy's love depicts the love between males, but weaves in more complicated plots. "I want to depict people who try very hard but don't make it. In boy's magazines people who try hard always win. That is not what I want.
Shojo Manga! Girls' Power!
2005-2008
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